Kev sib ntaus tawm tsam kev hloov pauv huab cua tuaj yeem nce nrawm, tab sis nws zoo li lub zog ntsuab silicon hnub ci hlwb tau ncav cuag lawv qhov txwv.Txoj kev ncaj ncees tshaj plaws los ua kom hloov dua siab tshiab tam sim no yog nrog cov hnub ci vaj huam sib luag, tab sis muaj lwm yam laj thawj vim li cas lawv yog qhov kev cia siab zoo ntawm lub zog tauj dua tshiab.
Lawv cov khoom tseem ceeb, silicon, yog qhov thib ob tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb tom qab oxygen.Txij li cov vaj huam sib luag tuaj yeem muab tso rau qhov xav tau lub zog - ntawm cov tsev, cov chaw tsim khoom, cov tsev lag luam, nkoj, tsheb tsheb - tsis tas yuav xa hluav taws xob hla toj roob hauv pes;thiab loj ntau lawm txhais tau tias hnub ci vaj huam sib luag yog tam sim no pheej yig kev lag luam ntawm kev siv lawv tau dhau los ua inarguable.
Raws li Lub Chaw Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Hluav Taws Xob Thoob Ntiaj Teb xyoo 2020 lub zog saib xyuas, cov hnub ci vaj huam sib luag hauv qee qhov chaw tau tsim hluav taws xob pheej yig tshaj plaws hauv keeb kwm.
Txawm tias tus kab mob no "dab tsi txog thaum tsaus ntuj lossis huab?"tau dhau los ua teeb meem tsawg dua ua tsaug rau kev hloov pauv hloov tshiab hauv kev siv thev naus laus zis.
Tsiv tshaj qhov txwv ntawm hnub ci
Yog tias koj tab tom xav txog "tab sis", ntawm no nws yog: tab sis silicon hnub ci vaj huam sib luag tau ncav cuag qhov kev txwv ntawm lawv cov kev ua tau zoo vim yog qee qhov kev cai tsis yooj yim ntawm physics.Kev lag luam silicon hnub ci hnub ci tam sim no tsuas yog kwv yees li 20 feem pua ntawm cov txiaj ntsig (txawm hais tias txog li 28 feem pua ntawm cov chaw kuaj sim. Lawv qhov kev txwv yog 30 feem pua, txhais tau tias lawv tsuas tuaj yeem hloov pauv li ib feem peb ntawm lub hnub tau txais lub zog rau hauv hluav taws xob).
Txawm li cas los xij, lub hnub ci vaj huam sib luag yuav tsim ntau zaus ntau dua emissions-dawb lub zog hauv nws lub neej dua li siv hauv nws qhov chaw tsim khoom.
ib tug silicon/perovskite solar cell
Perovskite: lub neej yav tom ntej ntawm kev tsim dua tshiab
Zoo li silicon, cov khoom siv crystalline no yog photoactive, txhais tau hais tias thaum nws raug ntaus los ntawm lub teeb, electrons nyob rau hauv nws cov qauv ua zoo siab txaus kom tawg tawm ntawm lawv cov atoms (qhov no tso tawm ntawm electrons yog lub hauv paus ntawm tag nrho cov hluav taws xob tiam, los ntawm cov roj teeb rau nuclear fais fab nroj tsuag). .Muab hais tias hluav taws xob nyob rau hauv cov nyhuv, ib tug conga kab ntawm electrons, thaum lub xoob electrons los ntawm silicon los yog perovskite yog channeled rau hauv ib tug hlau, hluav taws xob yog tshwm sim.
Perovskite yog ib qho yooj yim sib tov ntawm ntsev tov uas yog rhuab mus rau ntawm 100 thiab 200 degrees los tsim nws photoactive zog.
Zoo li tus cwj mem, nws tuaj yeem luam tawm rau ntawm qhov chaw, thiab nws tuaj yeem kho tau hauv txoj kev uas silicon tsis yog.Kev siv ntawm lub thickness txog li 500 npaug tsawg dua silicon, nws kuj yog super-lub teeb thiab tuaj yeem ua pob tshab.Qhov no txhais tau tias nws tuaj yeem siv rau txhua hom ntawm qhov chaw xws li hauv xov tooj thiab qhov rais.Qhov kev zoo siab tiag tiag yog nyob ib ncig ntawm perovskite lub zog tsim muaj peev xwm.
Kev kov yeej qhov kev sib tw loj tshaj plaws ntawm perovskite - deterioration
Thawj cov khoom siv perovskite hauv xyoo 2009 tau hloov pauv tsuas yog 3.8 feem pua ntawm hnub ci rau hauv hluav taws xob.Los ntawm 2020, kev ua tau zoo yog 25.5 feem pua, ze rau silicon cov ntaub ntawv kuaj mob ntawm 27.6 feem pua.Muaj kev nkag siab tias nws qhov kev ua tau zoo tuaj yeem ncav cuag 30 feem pua.
Yog tias koj tab tom xav txog 'tab sis' txog perovskite, zoo, muaj ob peb.Ib feem ntawm perovskite crystalline lattice yog txhuas.Qhov ntau yog me me, tab sis qhov muaj peev xwm toxicity ntawm txhuas txhais tau tias nws yog ib qho kev txiav txim siab.Qhov teeb meem tiag tiag yog tias tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv perovskite yooj yim degrades los ntawm tshav kub, noo noo thiab av noo, tsis zoo li cov silicon panels uas niaj hnub muag nrog 25-xyoo lav.
Silicon yog qhov zoo dua ntawm kev cuam tshuam nrog lub teeb tsis muaj zog, thiab perovskite ua haujlwm zoo nrog lub teeb pom kev zoo dua.Perovskite tseem tuaj yeem hloov kho kom nqus cov wavelengths sib txawv ntawm lub teeb - liab, ntsuab, xiav.Nrog rau kev ua tib zoo sib xws ntawm silicon thiab perovskite, qhov no txhais tau tias txhua lub xov tooj yuav tig ntau lub teeb spectrum rau hauv lub zog.
Cov lej muaj txiaj ntsig zoo: ib txheej tuaj yeem ua tau zoo 33 feem pua;pawg ob lub hlwb, nws yog 45 feem pua;peb txheej yuav muab 51 feem pua efficiency.Cov duab zoo li no, yog tias lawv tuaj yeem ua tiav kev lag luam, yuav hloov pauv lub zog tauj dua tshiab.
Post lub sij hawm: Aug-12-2021