Tsis ntev los no, xov xwm ntawm lub hwj chim rationing nyob rau hauv ntau lub xeev ntawm Tuam Tshoj tau nquag tshwm sim, thiab lub hnub ci vaj huam sib luag tau hais nyob rau hauv ntau lub tsev neeg cov ntaub ntawv thaum muaj xwm ceev cia, thiaj li hais tias kev lag luam ntawm lub hnub ci tsim hluav taws xob hauv tsev tau tham los ntawm ntau netizens.
Ntawm qhov tod tes, nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm carbon neutrality thiab carbon peaks, tus nqi ntawm cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob tau nce, thiab qhov kev thov rau kev hloov hluav taws xob tshiab tau nce;tus nqi ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hnub ci tau txuas ntxiv poob, uas tuaj yeem tsis tsuas yog ua kom lub zog ntawm tus kheej, tab sis kuj muag rau cov tuam txhab hluav taws xob kom tau nyiaj.Puas tsis muaj chaw ntxiv rau kev txhim kho lub hnub ci hauv tsev?
Txawm li cas los xij, lub sijhawm them rov qab yog ntev, qhov rov qab los ntawm kev nqis peev yog qhov tsawg, thiab tsis muaj kev txhawb siab kom tshem tawm cov nyiaj pab;Kev xa tawm ib puag ncig muaj qee yam yuav tsum tau ua, thiab kev teeb tsa ntawm lub ru tsev muaj teeb meem ntau dua thaum lub sijhawm kho dua tshiab thiab kho dua tshiab;Yuav tsum muaj kev saib xyuas thiab kho tsis tu ncua, uas coj cov nqi ntxiv.
Thaum ntxov li xyoo 1860, qee cov kws tshawb fawb tau ntseeg tias cov fossil fuels yuav tsis tshua muaj, thiab cov khoom siv xws li photovoltaic panels thiab hnub ci sau tau pib nrov;Txawm li cas los xij, txog niaj hnub no, lub hnub ci zog tseem suav tias yog lub zog tshiab thiab kev lag luam tshiab hauv kev nce qib.Kev lag luam photovoltaic 2019 Kev lag luam cov ntaub ntawv ntawm Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Kev Txhim Kho hauv Thawj Ib nrab ntawm Lub Xyoo thiab Kev Pom Zoo rau Lub Ib Hlis Ob ntawm Lub Xyoo tau pom tias lub zog tsim hluav taws xob los ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob txuas ntxiv xws li hnub ci zog tsuas yog 20% ntawm tag nrho cov hluav taws xob. tiam.
Saib ntawm lub ntiaj teb kev lag luam, ib hom yog cov neeg nyob hauv niaj hnub Western lub teb chaws xws li Europe, Amelikas thiab Australia, uas nquag txhawb tsev neeg lub hnub ci zog los daws cov kev thov hluav taws xob.Hauv xyoo 2015, tag nrho cov peev txheej tsim hluav taws xob photovoltaic hauv ntiaj teb tau tshaj 40 lab kilowatts.Lub khw tseem ceeb yog lub teb chaws Yelemees, Spain, thiab Nyiv., Ltalis, uas lub teb chaws Yelemees ib leeg ntxiv 7 lab kilowatts ntawm lub peev xwm ntsia tau rau hauv 2015. Lwm qhov yog Tuam Tshoj cov chaw nyob deb nroog, uas yog lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsim hluav taws xob hauv tsev.Ntau thaj chaw nruab nrab thiab sab hnub poob suav hais tias kev lag luam photovoltaic yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev txo kev txom nyem.Qhov zoo tshaj plaws yog dominated los ntawm ib tsev neeg cov tsev, thiab lub ru tsev yog yooj yim rau demolish thiab hloov kho.
Kev siv hluav taws xob hnub ci thiab lub hnub ci tsim hluav taws xob kev lag luam yuav tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo.Piv txwv li, Africa yog lub teb chaws uas muaj hnub ci tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no, thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hnub ci muaj ntau, tab sis qhov tseeb, tsuas yog South Africa yog tib lub tebchaws uas muaj ntau tshaj 50 megawatts ntawm photovoltaic fais fab nroj tsuag.Kalifonias muaj ntau lub hnub ci hluav taws xob ntau dua li txhua lub tebchaws Africa, thiab lub hnub ci hluav taws xob muaj peev xwm yog ob npaug ntawm lub zog tsim hluav taws xob ntawm tag nrho Nigeria.Tebchaws Europe cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hnub ci tsuas yog ib feem me me ntawm Africa, tab sis muaj ntau cov khoom siv hnub ci zog.
Qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm qhov polarization no ua rau tsev neeg lub hnub ci kev lag luam tam sim no "dumbbell-shaped" qauv, feem ntau yog tsom rau hauv cov cheeb tsam tsim thiab tsis tau tsim.
Peb paub tias kev lag luam hauv nroog thiab nroog cov neeg siv khoom lag luam feem ntau muaj "cov txiaj ntsig nyiaj tau los," "kev ua qauv qhia," "txoj kev sib txuas," thiab "cov txiaj ntsig sib txuas."Yog li ntawd, cov qauv kev lag luam ruaj khov feem ntau yog "spindle" dominated los ntawm cov neeg siv khoom nruab nrab.
Qhov no tseem qhia tau hais tias qhov tseeb ntawm kev txhim kho kev lag luam hauv tsev hnub ci hluav taws xob: txhawm rau ua kom muaj kev loj hlob sai, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ua kom zoo dua los ntawm "dumbbell type" mus rau "spindle type", nquag koom nrog hauv nroog thiab nroog kev lag luam, thiab xaus qhov xwm txheej "polarization" tam sim no.
Yog li, nws puas tuaj yeem nthuav tawm cov hnub ci vaj huam sib luag hauv nroog?
Nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau yaum cov neeg nyob hauv nroog feem coob los nqis peev nyiaj tiag tiag, cov neeg ua haujlwm thiab cov khoom siv los hloov lawv tus kheej los ntawm kev cia siab rau cov kev xav xws li kev saib xyuas ib puag ncig.
Yog li ntawd, ntau lub teb chaws yuav tsim cov kev txhawb nqa thiab kev txhawb nqa kev ntsuas thaum siv cov tswv yim siv hluav taws xob ruaj khov.Piv txwv li, xyoo 2006, California Congress tau tshaj tawm "California Solar Energy Initiative" txoj kev npaj, uas tau tsim ib nthwv dej ntawm kev txhim kho tsev neeg lub hnub ci tsim hluav taws xob.
Txoj cai ib leeg tsis txaus.Cov neeg tau txais kev pab hauv tsev nyob nruab nrab ntawm kev ua lag luam yuav tsum tau kov yeej peb qhov teeb meem los tuav lub hnub ci zog.
Ua ntej: Cov qauv kev lag luam puas tsim nyog?
Nws feem ntau ntseeg hais tias tsev neeg lub hnub ci hluav taws xob tsim hluav taws xob "ib zaug peev, 25 xyoo rov qab", yog ib qho kev nqis peev mus sij hawm ntev.
Peb tuaj yeem suav tus account.Feem ntau, 1kW photovoltaic lub zog tsim hluav taws xob tuaj yeem siv rau hauv tsev teeb pom kev zoo, TV, thiab khoos phis tawj;3kW photovoltaic lub zog tsim hluav taws xob tuaj yeem ua tau raws li qhov xav tau hluav taws xob ntawm ib tsev neeg ntawm 3 tus neeg, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hluav taws xob hauv chav ua noj;5kW photovoltaic fais fab tuag Lub kaw lus tuaj yeem ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm tsev neeg ntawm 5 tus neeg.
Cov neeg siv hauv tsev nyiam xaiv lub peev xwm 5kW, uas feem ntau xav tau kev nqis peev ntawm 40,000 txog 100,000 yuan.Hauv xyoo 2017, kev teeb tsa ib-nres ntawm 5KW hnub ci zog rau ib lub tuam txhab Suav paub zoo xav tau 40,000 yuan.Tom qab cov nyiaj pab hauv Asmeskas xeev Arizona, 5KW hnub ci hluav taws xob yuav raug nqi txog US $ 10,000.Kev tshawb fawb ntawm 2,200 tus tswv tsev tau pom tias cov nqi peev yog siab dhau los xav txog.
Tsis tas li ntawd, los ntawm cov qauv ntawm "kev siv tus kheej, tshaj hluav taws xob hauv online" thiab "kev nkag mus hauv online" kom tau txais hluav taws xob rov qab, lub voj voog them rov qab feem ntau siv sijhawm 5-7 xyoo ua ntej nws tuaj yeem nkag mus rau lub sijhawm muaj txiaj ntsig.
Tam sim no, kev pab nyiaj ntsuab rau ntau lub teb chaws feem ntau yog nyob ib ncig ntawm 20-30%, thiab Tebchaws Meskas yuav muab 26% ntawm cov nqi nruab hnub ci zog hauv xyoo 2020. Thaum qhov loj-scale rollout thiab nyiaj pab cuam raug tshem tawm, cov nyiaj tau los. lub voj voog yuav txuas ntxiv mus ntxiv.
Yog li ntawd, yog tias cov neeg nyob deb nroog tsis muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab txhim khu kev lag luam, nws nkag siab tias yuav nqis peev nyiaj ntxiv rau hauv tsev neeg lub zog hluav taws xob photovoltaic.Txawm li cas los xij, cov neeg nyob hauv nroog nrog qib siab ntawm digitization thiab cov khoom lag luam nyiaj txiag nplua nuj thiab cov kev pabcuam yuav xav tias nws yog me ntsis saj los tso siab rau cov txiaj ntsig no.
Qhov kev daws teeb meem zoo tshaj plaws yog zaum tso lub vaj huam sib luag photovoltaic sab nraum lub qhov rais kom tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm kev them nyiaj kub ceev ntawm cov khoos phis tawj hauv tsev, xov tooj ntawm tes thiab lwm yam khoom siv.Tab sis nyob rau hauv txoj kev no, qhov chaw ua lag luam muaj pes tsawg?
Thib ob: Puas muaj kev tiv thaiv ntev?
Tau kawg, kuj tseem yuav muaj cov neeg uas txaus siab los txhawb lub zog ntsuab, lossis txawm tias qhov rov qab los yog me me tab sis "cov nyom nyom kuj yog nqaij", lawv txaus siab los teeb tsa lub hnub ci hluav taws xob tsim hluav taws xob hauv lawv lub tsev kom txo lawv txoj kev nqhis dej. .Tau kawg peb muaj 10,000 kev txhawb nqa rau tus ntsuj plig no.Txawm li cas los xij, ua ntej xaiv cov khoom siv, koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo xav txog kev ua haujlwm tom qab thiab kev saib xyuas cov teeb meem.
Raws li tau hais ua ntej, nws yuav siv sijhawm ntau dua 5 xyoos rau kev tsim hluav taws xob hauv tsev kom muaj peev xwm / tau txais txiaj ntsig.Kev saib xyuas ntawm cov vaj huam sib luag photovoltaic, kev laus ntawm cov roj teeb, thiab kev txo qis ntawm cov khoom muaj feem xyuam yuav ua rau txhua qhov xav tau kev tu thiab tu mus ntev.Nws yuav cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub teeb lub zog hloov dua siab tshiab thiab txo lub zog tsim hluav taws xob.
Hauv tebchaws Australia thiab lwm qhov chaw, kev tsim kho lub hnub ci hluav taws xob hauv tsev tau pib 30 xyoo dhau los, thiab cov txheej txheem kev lag luam thiab kev pabcuam tau tsim muaj.Cov neeg siv khoom tsis tas yuav txhawj xeeb ntau dhau ntawm cov neeg muag khoom siv hluav taws xob khiav tawm / kaw thiab nrhiav kev pab cuam tom qab muag;Kev nyab xeeb.
Tsis tas li ntawd, lub sij hawm them rov qab ntawm tsev neeg lub hnub ci zog yog qhov ntev, thiab kev ruaj ntseg ntawm txoj cai yuav tsum tau muab coj los xav.Txwv tsis pub, yog tias muaj kev hloov pauv, nws yuav dhau los ua "lub zog tsim nrog kev hlub."
Piv txwv li, xyoo 2015, Nigeria, Africa tau siv $ 16 billion los tsim lub hnub ci zog, tab sis thaum kawg nws ua tsis tiav vim muaj teeb meem ntawm tsoomfwv.Qhov no yog vim li cas daim phiaj ovate tsab ntawv ceeb toom ntawm Lub Rooj Sab Laj Kev Lag Luam Thoob Ntiaj Teb ntseeg tias Africa lub hnub ci kev loj hlob muaj peev xwm yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb, tab sis qhov kev lag luam tiag tiag yog nyob deb ntawm qhov tsis txaus.
Ib qho kev ruaj ntseg thiab kev cia siab ntev ntev mechanism yog tus yuam sij rau kev sib tw ntawm kev lag luam hnub ci zog.
Qhov thib peb: Puas yog kev tsim kho nroog tso cai?
Ntxiv nrog rau cov xwm txheej nruj ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hnub ci, lub tsev tsim hluav taws xob hnub ci tseem yuav tsum tau nyob ze rau ntawm daim phiaj tseem ceeb kom txo tau kev nqis peev hauv cov kab tshiab.Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws yuav tsum tau nyob ze rau lub zog thauj khoom nruab nrab kom txo qis kev xa hluav taws xob poob.
Piv nrog rau cov neeg siv nyob deb nroog nrog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob me me thiab tawg, kev loj hlob hauv nroog ntawm lub hnub ci vaj huam sib luag zoo li kev lag luam ntau dua.Tam sim no, Tuam Tshoj txoj kev loj hlob hauv nroog tau mus txog 56% hauv kev txheeb cais, uas zoo li tau coj qhov chaw lag luam loj, tab sis nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias kev tsim kho cov nroog niaj hnub hauv Tebchaws Europe thiab Asmeskas, uas "kev lag luam hauv nroog loj", yog tib lub sijhawm. raws li kev nthuav dav hauv nroog., kuj muaj ntau yam teeb meem.Piv txwv li, qhov concentration ntawm cov peev nyiaj txiag tau ua rau cov khoom muaj nqis siab.Lub cheeb tsam ntawm ib tus neeg nyob ntawm thawj lub nroog xws li Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou thiab Shenzhen yog qis dua lub teb chaws nruab nrab.Lub sijhawm no, peb yuav tsum pom 20-30 square metres ntawm tshav ntuj, qhib, Lub tsev neeg zoo li cas nws yuav tsum tau nruab photovoltaic panels rau lub ru tsev sab qab teb?Hauv cov chaw xws li Jiangsu, qhov chaw kev lag luam tau tsim dua, cov tsev lossis villas feem ntau yog ntsia rau ntawm lub ru tsev.Cov cuab yeej cuab tam txwv txwv qhov ntsuas ntawm cov neeg siv.
Piv txwv li, txoj kev loj hlob sai ntawm cov nroog loj thiab nruab nrab hauv Suav teb yav dhau los tau ua rau muaj ntau yam tsis xws luag hauv kev tsim vaj tsev, chaw pej xeem thiab lwm yam.Kev teeb tsa ntawm photovoltaic panels hauv koog tsev kawm ntawv yuav cuam tshuam rau kev zoo nkauj ntawm lub zej zog thiab ua rau muaj qee qhov teeb meem ntawm lub teeb.Nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau xav txog tias lub nroog ntawm txoj kev mus rau "zoo nkauj" yuav txhawb nqa xiav wow photovoltaic panels.
Qhov nruab nrab ntawm kev ua lag luam yog qhov nyuaj txav.Puas muaj peev xwm tsim hluav taws xob hauv tsev hnub ci yuav tsis tuaj yeem txuas ntxiv?Tsis yog tiag.Niaj hnub no, Tuam Tshoj txoj kev siv zog los txhawb kev loj hlob hauv nroog thiab kev txhim kho nyob deb nroog tuaj yeem coj txoj hauv kev tshiab rau kev lag luam hnub ci hauv tsev.Kev ua lag luam "spindle" yuav tsis tas yuav yog qhov nce ntawm Central Tuam Tshoj, tab sis nws kuj tuaj yeem ntws los ntawm tus Tsov tus tw mus rau hauv nruab nrab, txoj cai?
Tej zaum, lub neej yav tom ntej ntawm tsev neeg lub hnub ci zog, zoo li ntau qhov kev lag luam, nyob hauv thaj chaw ntsuab thiab ecological Tuam Tshoj.
Post lub sij hawm: Nov-24-2021